Utah LLC vs Kentucky LLC (2026)
Written for owners based in Utah.
Verdict: for most owners, form where the business is based
Kentucky has the second-cheapest formation fee in the country at $40, and the second number undoes it. Every liability-shielded entity owes a minimum $175 Limited Liability Entity Tax each year, which with the $15 annual report makes $190 of recurring cost against Utah's $18. Five years there is at least $990; here it is $149. Kentucky charges nothing for filing late but administratively dissolves the LLC if the report misses August 31 outright. Saving $19 at the counter, then paying $54 to register into Utah, is a poor trade.
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Compare Utah LLC vs Kentucky LLC on filing fees, taxes, privacy laws, and annual costs. Find out which state is actually better for your business.
By Edmond Hui · Last updated: October 6, 2026
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| Factor | Utah | Kentucky |
|---|---|---|
| Filing Fee | $59 | $40 |
| Processing Time | Instant to 7 business days | Same day to 3 business days |
| Annual Report Fee | $18 | $15 |
| Annual Report Due | Anniversary month | June 30 |
| State Income Tax | Yes | Yes |
| Anonymous LLC | No | No |
| Publication Requirement | No | No |
| Foreign LLC Cost (if forming out-of-state) | N/A, you're in your home state | $59 + registered agent ~$150/yr |
Full fee breakdown for either state: Utah LLC cost and Kentucky LLC cost. Owner privacy options for either state: Utah anonymous LLC guide and Kentucky anonymous LLC guide.
Business Climate: Utah vs Kentucky
| Factor | Utah | Kentucky |
|---|---|---|
| 5-year business survival rate | 49.7% (#33 of 51) | 54.1% (#11 of 51) |
| Business application growth (2026 YTD (Jan to Jul) vs 2025 YTD (same months)) | +25.5% YoY (#23 of 51 by volume) | +34.1% YoY (#26 of 51 by volume) |
Sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Business Employment Dynamics · U.S. Census Bureau, Business Formation Statistics (BFS)
Compare LLC Costs: Utah vs Kentucky
Utah
Kentucky
A figure shown as "from" is the least the state can charge, not a price. Tennessee's report is $300 for up to six members and $50 for each member above six, its franchise tax is the greater of $100 or 0.25% of Tennessee net worth, Wyoming's report is the greater of $60 or $.0002 per dollar of in-state assets, Kentucky's entity tax is $175 up to $3 million of gross receipts and graduated above it, and New York's annual filing fee is graduated on New York source gross income. A total that contains one of those is shown as "from" for the same reason. Costs include every mandatory state charge: the filing fee, the report fee (annualised where a state files biennially), any state entity-level tax shown in its own row above, a one-time publication cost where the state publishes a rate for it, and any one-time registration charge a state requires before the LLC may trade. Two exclusions follow from that wording. Arizona and Nebraska require publication and publish no rate, so no newspaper cost is carried for either and their totals are not the whole cost. Alaska's $50 annual state business licence is a separate charge from the Secretary of State fees and is not carried here either. Annualising makes the 1, 3 and 5 year rows a cost of ownership rather than a payment schedule: a biennial state charges its whole report fee in the years it falls due and nothing in between. Entity-level taxes that only apply after a corporate election, or above an owner or income threshold, are excluded and flagged on the state's own cost page. New York's publication cost is carried at a $250 floor, roughly $200 of newspaper cost in a low-cost county plus the $50 Certificate of Publication fee. No county-clerk-designated New York City newspaper publishes a rate card, so the four-figure NYC estimates in wide circulation cannot be traced to a primary source and are not asserted here; budget for materially more than the floor if you file in a NYC county. Every fee was verified against the state's own fee schedule, statute, or revenue authority on 29 July 2026. Excludes registered agent and legal fees. For informational purposes only, not legal or tax advice.
Filing Fees & Formation Costs
Utah charges $59 to form an LLC, while Kentucky charges $40. Kentucky is $19 cheaper upfront. The cost that usually gets overlooked: if you form in Kentucky but operate in Utah, you must also register as a foreign LLC in Utah (a $59 filing) and maintain a registered agent in Kentucky (typically around $150 per year). That puts the realistic first-year cost of the Kentucky route at roughly $249, versus $59 for simply forming in Utah. Both states publish a standard turnaround, Utah (instant to 7 business days) and Kentucky (same day to 3 business days), though a published figure is a norm, not a guarantee.
Taxes: Utah vs Kentucky
Both Utah and Kentucky levy a personal income tax on pass-through business income, and your LLC's profits will be taxed where you live and operate. Forming in Kentucky doesn't change what a Utah-based owner pays. Utah levies a flat 4.55% personal income tax. Kentucky levies a flat 4% personal income tax. Kentucky imposes the Limited Liability Entity Tax (LLET), $175 minimum per year.
Privacy & Asset Protection
Neither Utah nor Kentucky offers anonymous LLC formation: both states require owner or manager information on public filings. Kentucky's annual report confirms the names and addresses of members/managers. Business owners who prioritize privacy typically form a holding company in a state like Wyoming or New Mexico instead. Both states provide charging-order protection for LLC members, and for most small businesses the practical difference in asset protection between the two is minimal.
Annual Maintenance Costs
Utah LLCs file an annual report ($18, due in the anniversary month), and Kentucky LLCs file an annual report ($15, due June 30). If you form in Kentucky while operating in Utah, you maintain filings in both states, Kentucky's report plus Utah's equivalent for your foreign registration, and pay a Kentucky registered agent roughly $150 per year. Counting report fees, the agent and any entity-level tax, that brings the Kentucky route to roughly $358 a year, versus about $18 to keep a domestic Utah LLC in good standing. The tax inside those totals: Kentucky imposes the Limited Liability Entity Tax (LLET), $175 minimum per year.
When Kentucky Actually Makes Sense
Forming in Kentucky makes sense in a few specific situations: your business genuinely operates in Kentucky, with a real office, employees, or property there, or you're relocating to Kentucky in the near future. For a typical small business based in Utah, none of these usually apply. Registering a Kentucky LLC to do business back home means $59 in Utah foreign-registration fees, on top of Kentucky's $40 formation fee, while Utah's own annual report runs $18 a year and is due in the anniversary month. When in doubt, form where you actually do business.
Frequently Asked Questions
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Sources
Each entry below is a document recorded in our verified sources, and each entry says what the document is. Some statutory text is read from an accurate mirror rather than from the state's own host, and those say so.
- commerce.utah.gov/corporations/Utah Division of Corporations and Commercial Code: business entity filings
- commerce.utah.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/currentfees.pdfUtah LLC filing fees
- sos.ky.gov/bus/business-filings/OnlineServices/Pages/default.aspxKentucky Secretary of State: business entity filings
- sos.ky.gov/bus/business-filings/Pages/Fees.aspxKentucky LLC filing fees
Edmond Hui · Founder, MyStateLLC
Edmond Hui is a software engineer and serial entrepreneur based in New York who has founded multiple online businesses across e-commerce, media, and information publishing. Before transitioning into tech, he spent years as a commercial real estate professional closing deals totaling over 100,000 square feet, giving him firsthand experience with business formation and entity structuring. He built MyStateLLC to provide the free, state-specific LLC guidance he wished existed when forming his own companies.