New York LLC vs Maryland LLC (2026)
Written for owners based in New York.
Verdict: for most owners, form where the business is based
Maryland's $100 Certificate of Formation is half what New York charges, and then Form 1 costs $300 every April 15, up to roughly ten times a New York figure of at least $29.50, with a late penalty set as a percentage of the county assessment rather than a flat sum. Maryland also posts a six to eight week standard review. New York posts none, and instead runs a 120-day clock to publish for six weeks in two county-designated newspapers and file a $50 Certificate of Publication. The Maryland LLC would still need a $250 New York registration on top.
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Compare New York LLC vs Maryland LLC on filing fees, taxes, privacy laws, and annual costs. Find out which state is actually better for your business.
By Edmond Hui · Last updated: September 23, 2026
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| Factor | New York | Maryland |
|---|---|---|
| Filing Fee | $200 | $100 |
| Processing Time | Not published by the state | 6 to 8 weeks |
| Annual Report Fee | $9 (biennial) | $300 |
| Annual Report Due | Anniversary month (biennial) | April 15 |
| State Income Tax | Yes | Yes |
| Anonymous LLC | No | No |
| Publication Requirement | Yes | No |
| Foreign LLC Cost (if forming out-of-state) | N/A, you're in your home state | $250 + registered agent ~$150/yr |
Full fee breakdown for either state: New York LLC cost and Maryland LLC cost. Owner privacy options for either state: New York anonymous LLC guide and Maryland anonymous LLC guide.
Business Climate: New York vs Maryland
| Factor | New York | Maryland |
|---|---|---|
| 5-year business survival rate | 51.9% (#23 of 51) | 50.1% (#31 of 51) |
| Business application growth (2026 YTD (Jan to Jul) vs 2025 YTD (same months)) | +10.9% YoY (#4 of 51 by volume) | +11.8% YoY (#18 of 51 by volume) |
Sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Business Employment Dynamics · U.S. Census Bureau, Business Formation Statistics (BFS)
Compare LLC Costs: New York vs Maryland
New York
Maryland
A figure shown as "from" is the least the state can charge, not a price. Tennessee's report is $300 for up to six members and $50 for each member above six, its franchise tax is the greater of $100 or 0.25% of Tennessee net worth, Wyoming's report is the greater of $60 or $.0002 per dollar of in-state assets, Kentucky's entity tax is $175 up to $3 million of gross receipts and graduated above it, and New York's annual filing fee is graduated on New York source gross income. A total that contains one of those is shown as "from" for the same reason. Costs include every mandatory state charge: the filing fee, the report fee (annualised where a state files biennially), any state entity-level tax shown in its own row above, a one-time publication cost where the state publishes a rate for it, and any one-time registration charge a state requires before the LLC may trade. Two exclusions follow from that wording. Arizona and Nebraska require publication and publish no rate, so no newspaper cost is carried for either and their totals are not the whole cost. Alaska's $50 annual state business licence is a separate charge from the Secretary of State fees and is not carried here either. Annualising makes the 1, 3 and 5 year rows a cost of ownership rather than a payment schedule: a biennial state charges its whole report fee in the years it falls due and nothing in between. Entity-level taxes that only apply after a corporate election, or above an owner or income threshold, are excluded and flagged on the state's own cost page. New York's publication cost is carried at a $250 floor, roughly $200 of newspaper cost in a low-cost county plus the $50 Certificate of Publication fee. No county-clerk-designated New York City newspaper publishes a rate card, so the four-figure NYC estimates in wide circulation cannot be traced to a primary source and are not asserted here; budget for materially more than the floor if you file in a NYC county. Every fee was verified against the state's own fee schedule, statute, or revenue authority on 29 July 2026. Excludes registered agent and legal fees. For informational purposes only, not legal or tax advice.
Filing Fees & Formation Costs
New York charges $200 to form an LLC, while Maryland charges $100. Maryland is $100 cheaper upfront. The cost that usually gets overlooked: if you form in Maryland but operate in New York, you must also register as a foreign LLC in New York (a $250 filing) and maintain a registered agent in Maryland (typically around $150 per year). That puts the realistic first-year cost of the Maryland route at roughly $500, versus $200 for simply forming in New York. Only one side of this comparison is knowable: Maryland publishes a standard turnaround (6 to 8 weeks), while New York publishes no standard processing time, so the two can't be ranked against each other on speed. Note that New York also requires newly formed LLCs to publish a newspaper notice (New York requires publication of the LLC's formation once a week for six successive weeks in two newspapers designated by the county clerk, within 120 days of formation, followed by a $50 Certificate of Publication. Newspaper rates are set by the newspapers and vary sharply by county), which adds to the true formation cost.
Taxes: New York vs Maryland
Both New York and Maryland levy a personal income tax on pass-through business income, and your LLC's profits will be taxed where you live and operate. Forming in Maryland doesn't change what a New York-based owner pays. New York LLCs with any income, gain, loss or deduction from New York sources owe an annual filing fee of $25 to $4,500, unless they have elected to be taxed as a corporation. An LLC taxed as a partnership pays by its NY-source gross income for the preceding tax year ($25 where that is $100,000 or less), and a disregarded single-member LLC pays a flat $25. Maryland LLCs owe a $300 minimum annual Personal Property Return fee.
Privacy & Asset Protection
Neither New York nor Maryland offers anonymous LLC formation: both states require owner or manager information on public filings. Maryland requires an authorized person on the Articles and files a Personal Property Return; management information is available on public filings. Business owners who prioritize privacy typically form a holding company in a state like Wyoming or New Mexico instead. Both states provide charging-order protection for LLC members, and for most small businesses the practical difference in asset protection between the two is minimal.
Annual Maintenance Costs
New York LLCs file a biennial report ($9, due in the anniversary month, every two years), and Maryland LLCs file an annual report ($300, due April 15). If you form in Maryland while operating in New York, you maintain filings in both states, Maryland's report plus New York's equivalent for your foreign registration, and pay a Maryland registered agent roughly $150 per year. Counting report fees, the agent and any entity-level tax, that brings the Maryland route to roughly $459 a year, versus at least $34 to keep a domestic New York LLC in good standing. The taxes inside those totals: New York LLCs with any income, gain, loss or deduction from New York sources owe an annual filing fee of $25 to $4,500, unless they have elected to be taxed as a corporation. An LLC taxed as a partnership pays by its NY-source gross income for the preceding tax year ($25 where that is $100,000 or less), and a disregarded single-member LLC pays a flat $25. Maryland LLCs owe a $300 minimum annual Personal Property Return fee.
When Maryland Actually Makes Sense
Forming in Maryland makes sense in a few specific situations: your business genuinely operates in Maryland, with a real office, employees, or property there, or you're relocating to Maryland in the near future. For a typical small business based in New York, none of these usually apply. Registering a Maryland LLC to do business back home means $250 in New York foreign-registration fees, on top of Maryland's $100 formation fee, while New York's own biennial report runs $9 and is due in the anniversary month, every two years. When in doubt, form where you actually do business.
Frequently Asked Questions
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Start your LLC with ZenBusiness →Affiliate link. We may earn a commission at no cost to you. MyStateLLC is not a law firm and does not provide legal advice.
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Sources
Each entry below is a document recorded in our verified sources, and each entry says what the document is. Some statutory text is read from an accurate mirror rather than from the state's own host, and those say so.
- dos.ny.gov/forming-limited-liability-company-new-yorkNew York Department of State, Division of Corporations: business entity filings
- dos.ny.gov/fee-schedulesNew York LLC filing fees
- dat.maryland.gov/businesses/Pages/default.aspxMaryland State Department of Assessments and Taxation: business entity filings
- dat.maryland.gov/businesses/Documents/FEES.pdfMaryland LLC filing fees
Edmond Hui · Founder, MyStateLLC
Edmond Hui is a software engineer and serial entrepreneur based in New York who has founded multiple online businesses across e-commerce, media, and information publishing. Before transitioning into tech, he spent years as a commercial real estate professional closing deals totaling over 100,000 square feet, giving him firsthand experience with business formation and entity structuring. He built MyStateLLC to provide the free, state-specific LLC guidance he wished existed when forming his own companies.