Is it cheaper to form an LLC in Oregon than North Dakota?

Oregon's filing fee is lower ($100 vs $135), but that's not the full picture: operating in North Dakota means also registering as a foreign LLC there ($135) and paying a Oregon registered agent. Realistic first-year cost is roughly $385 for the Oregon route versus $135 for forming in North Dakota.

Can I form my North Dakota business in Oregon?

Yes. Any North Dakota business can form its LLC in Oregon. But if the business operates in North Dakota, it must also register there as a foreign LLC ($135 filing fee) and maintain a registered agent in Oregon, so you take on two states' fees and filings instead of one.

Does Oregon have better asset protection than North Dakota?

Not meaningfully. Both states provide charging-order protection for LLC members, and neither offers a decisive asset-protection edge for a typical small business. Sound insurance and clean separation of business and personal finances matter more in practice.

State Comparison

North Dakota LLC vs Oregon LLC (2026)

Written for owners based in North Dakota.

Verdict: for most owners, form where the business is based

Oregon matches its own formation fee every year: $100 to file and $100 again on the LLC's filing anniversary, against $135 and $50 in North Dakota, so five years cost $600 there and $385 here. Oregon is also one of the few states whose recurring charge reaches a registered out-of-state LLC: $275 to apply for authority and $275 for each annual renewal. The Corporate Activity Tax adds $250 plus 0.57% above $1 million of Oregon commercial activity, with registration required at $750,000. An Oregon LLC based here pays that renewal plus $135 to register in North Dakota.

Based in Oregon? Read Oregon LLC vs North Dakota LLC →

Compare North Dakota LLC vs Oregon LLC on filing fees, taxes, privacy laws, and annual costs. Find out which state is actually better for your business.

By Edmond Hui · Last updated: September 23, 2026

If your business is based in North Dakota, a North Dakota LLC needs no foreign registration there; an Oregon LLC run from North Dakota generally must also register in North Dakota as a foreign LLC (North Dakota's $135 filing fee). If your business is based in Oregon, an Oregon LLC needs no foreign registration there; a North Dakota LLC run from Oregon generally must also register in Oregon as a foreign LLC (Oregon's $275 filing fee). An LLC formed in one of these states and run from the other owes whatever filings, fees and taxes each state requires. A North Dakota LLC runs $185 in year one and $50/yr after; an Oregon LLC runs $200 and $100/yr. See the full breakdown below.

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Factor	North Dakota	Oregon
Filing Fee	$135	$100
Processing Time	Not published by the state	Not published by the state
Annual Report Fee	$50	$100
Annual Report Due	November 15	Anniversary date
State Income Tax	Yes	Yes
Anonymous LLC	No	No
Publication Requirement	No	No
Foreign LLC Cost (if forming out-of-state)	N/A, you're in your home state	$135 + registered agent ~$150/yr

Full fee breakdown for either state: North Dakota LLC cost and Oregon LLC cost. Owner privacy options for either state: North Dakota anonymous LLC guide and Oregon anonymous LLC guide.

Business Climate: North Dakota vs Oregon

Factor	North Dakota	Oregon
5-year business survival rate	54.4% (#7 of 51)	45.8% (#47 of 51)
Business application growth (2026 YTD (Jan to Jul) vs 2025 YTD (same months))	+14% YoY (#50 of 51 by volume)	+2.1% YoY (#31 of 51 by volume)

Sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Business Employment Dynamics · U.S. Census Bureau, Business Formation Statistics (BFS)

See the full 50-state survival ranking.

Compare LLC Costs: North Dakota vs Oregon

State A

State B

North Dakota

✓ Cheaper Long-Term

Formation fee$135

Annual report fee$50

State entity taxNone

Report dueNovember 15

Processing timeNot published by the state

Late penalty$50

Oregon

✓ Cheaper Upfront

Formation fee$100

Annual report fee$100

State entity taxNone

Report dueAnniversary date

Processing timeNot published by the state

Late penalty$0

Total Cost

North Dakota

Oregon

1 Year

$185

$200

3 Years

$285

$400

5 Years

$385

$600

Will you operate outside your home state?

A figure shown as "from" is the least the state can charge, not a price. Tennessee's report is $300 for up to six members and $50 for each member above six, its franchise tax is the greater of $100 or 0.25% of Tennessee net worth, Wyoming's report is the greater of $60 or $.0002 per dollar of in-state assets, Kentucky's entity tax is $175 up to $3 million of gross receipts and graduated above it, and New York's annual filing fee is graduated on New York source gross income. A total that contains one of those is shown as "from" for the same reason. Costs include every mandatory state charge: the filing fee, the report fee (annualised where a state files biennially), any state entity-level tax shown in its own row above, a one-time publication cost where the state publishes a rate for it, and any one-time registration charge a state requires before the LLC may trade. Two exclusions follow from that wording. Arizona and Nebraska require publication and publish no rate, so no newspaper cost is carried for either and their totals are not the whole cost. Alaska's $50 annual state business licence is a separate charge from the Secretary of State fees and is not carried here either. Annualising makes the 1, 3 and 5 year rows a cost of ownership rather than a payment schedule: a biennial state charges its whole report fee in the years it falls due and nothing in between. Entity-level taxes that only apply after a corporate election, or above an owner or income threshold, are excluded and flagged on the state's own cost page. New York's publication cost is carried at a $250 floor, roughly $200 of newspaper cost in a low-cost county plus the $50 Certificate of Publication fee. No county-clerk-designated New York City newspaper publishes a rate card, so the four-figure NYC estimates in wide circulation cannot be traced to a primary source and are not asserted here; budget for materially more than the floor if you file in a NYC county. Every fee was verified against the state's own fee schedule, statute, or revenue authority on 29 July 2026. Excludes registered agent and legal fees. For informational purposes only, not legal or tax advice.

Filing Fees & Formation Costs

North Dakota charges $135 to form an LLC, while Oregon charges $100. Oregon is $35 cheaper upfront. The cost that usually gets overlooked: if you form in Oregon but operate in North Dakota, you must also register as a foreign LLC in North Dakota (a $135 filing) and maintain a registered agent in Oregon (typically around $150 per year). That puts the realistic first-year cost of the Oregon route at roughly $385, versus $135 for simply forming in North Dakota. Speed isn't a basis for choosing between them: neither North Dakota nor Oregon publishes a standard processing time, so any figure comparing the two is guesswork.

Taxes: North Dakota vs Oregon

Both North Dakota and Oregon levy a personal income tax on pass-through business income, and your LLC's profits will be taxed where you live and operate. Forming in Oregon doesn't change what a North Dakota-based owner pays. Neither state imposes a separate franchise or privilege tax on LLCs beyond standard filing fees.

Privacy & Asset Protection

Neither North Dakota nor Oregon offers anonymous LLC formation: both states require owner or manager information on public filings. Oregon's annual report lists the names, titles, and addresses of all members or managers. Business owners who prioritize privacy typically form a holding company in a state like Wyoming or New Mexico instead. Both states provide charging-order protection for LLC members, and for most small businesses the practical difference in asset protection between the two is minimal.

Annual Maintenance Costs

North Dakota LLCs file an annual report ($50, due November 15), and Oregon LLCs file an annual report ($100, due in the anniversary month). If you form in Oregon while operating in North Dakota, you maintain filings in both states, Oregon's report plus North Dakota's equivalent for your foreign registration, and pay an Oregon registered agent roughly $150 per year. Counting report fees, the agent and any entity-level tax, that brings the Oregon route to roughly $300 a year, versus about $50 to keep a domestic North Dakota LLC in good standing.

When Oregon Actually Makes Sense

Forming in Oregon makes sense in a few specific situations: your business genuinely operates in Oregon, with a real office, employees, or property there, or you're relocating to Oregon in the near future. For a typical small business based in North Dakota, none of these usually apply. Registering an Oregon LLC to do business back home means $135 in North Dakota foreign-registration fees, on top of Oregon's $100 formation fee, while North Dakota's own annual report runs $50 a year and is due November 15. When in doubt, form where you actually do business.

Frequently Asked Questions

: Oregon's filing fee is lower ($100 vs $135), but that's not the full picture: operating in North Dakota means also registering as a foreign LLC there ($135) and paying a Oregon registered agent. Realistic first-year cost is roughly $385 for the Oregon route versus $135 for forming in North Dakota.
: Yes. Any North Dakota business can form its LLC in Oregon. But if the business operates in North Dakota, it must also register there as a foreign LLC ($135 filing fee) and maintain a registered agent in Oregon, so you take on two states' fees and filings instead of one.
: Not meaningfully. Both states provide charging-order protection for LLC members, and neither offers a decisive asset-protection edge for a typical small business. Sound insurance and clean separation of business and personal finances matter more in practice.
: It depends on where the business is based. For a North Dakota-based business, North Dakota: forming where the business is based keeps costs and compliance simple, and Oregon is worth considering only if you actually do business there. For an Oregon-based business, the same reasoning points to Oregon.
: Speed isn't a basis for choosing between them: neither North Dakota nor Oregon publishes a standard processing time, so any figure comparing the two is guesswork. Whichever you pick, remember that forming in Oregon while operating in North Dakota means you're not fully set up until the North Dakota foreign registration is also processed, so the out-of-state route is rarely the faster path end to end. If your timing is genuinely fixed, buy the state's expedite tier rather than relying on a standard turnaround.

Comparison chart of forming an LLC in North Dakota versus Oregon, contrasting filing fees, annual report cost and ongoing obligations across 8 factors. — North Dakota and Oregon side by side on the factors that decide where to form. Source: MyStateLLC 50-state cost dataset, verified against each Secretary of State's published fee schedule, July 2026.

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More State Comparisons

North Dakota vs Pennsylvania →North Dakota vs Rhode Island →North Dakota vs South Carolina →North Dakota vs Delaware →Oregon vs Delaware →

North Dakota LLC Guide →Oregon LLC Guide →

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Sources

Each entry below is a document recorded in our verified sources, and each entry says what the document is. Some statutory text is read from an accurate mirror rather than from the state's own host, and those say so.

sos.nd.gov/business/business-services/business-structures/limited-liability-company-llcNorth Dakota Secretary of State: business entity filings
ndlegis.gov/cencode/t10c32-1.pdfNorth Dakota LLC filing fees
sos.oregon.gov/business/pages/default.aspxOregon Secretary of State: business entity filings
sos.oregon.gov/business/Documents/business-registry-forms/br-fee-schedule.pdfOregon LLC filing fees

Edmond Hui · Founder, MyStateLLC

Edmond Hui is a software engineer and serial entrepreneur based in New York who has founded multiple online businesses across e-commerce, media, and information publishing. Before transitioning into tech, he spent years as a commercial real estate professional closing deals totaling over 100,000 square feet, giving him firsthand experience with business formation and entity structuring. He built MyStateLLC to provide the free, state-specific LLC guidance he wished existed when forming his own companies.